Brandling-Bennett A D, Anderson J, Fuglsang H, Collins R
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1981 Sep;30(5):970-81.
To provide quantitative information on the epidemiology of infection with Onchocerca volvulus and to define the association between indicators of infection and onchocercal eye disease, skin snips were obtained and skin and ocular examinations were performed on 892 persons living on seven Guatemalan coffee plantations. Skin-snip positivity and the density of microfilariae in the skin increased with age, reaching highest levels at 15-19 years, and both were greater in males than females. A history of nodulectomy was given by 67% of long-term residents and this percentage also increased with age. Over 90% of skin-snip positive subjects and 39% of skin-snip negative subjects had previous or present nodules. Microfilariae were detected in the cornea of 35.1% and in the anterior chamber of 18.9% of all persons examined and the frequencies increased with age, reaching peak levels at 10-19 years. Onchocercal eye lesions were found in 52 persons, causing bilateral blindness in six. Skin-snip positivity, microfilarial skin density, number of nodules, eye infection, and onchocercal eye lesions all correlated significantly with each other. Onchocercal blindness in one or both eyes was found only on fincas with a high prevalence (greater than 80%) and intensity of infection (greater than 22 microfilariae/mg skin).
为了提供关于盘尾丝虫感染流行病学的定量信息，并确定感染指标与盘尾丝虫性眼病之间的关联，我们对危地马拉七个咖啡种植园的892人进行了皮肤采样，并进行了皮肤和眼部检查。皮肤采样阳性率和皮肤中微丝蚴密度随年龄增长而增加，在15 - 19岁时达到最高水平，且男性均高于女性。67%的长期居民有结节切除史，这一比例也随年龄增长而增加。超过90%的皮肤采样阳性者和39%的皮肤采样阴性者有既往或现存结节。在所有接受检查的人中，35.1%的人角膜中检测到微丝蚴，18.9%的人前房中有微丝蚴，且频率随年龄增长而增加，在10 - 19岁时达到峰值水平。发现52人患有盘尾丝虫性眼病变，其中6人双目失明。皮肤采样阳性率、微丝蚴皮肤密度、结节数量、眼部感染和盘尾丝虫性眼病变均显著相互关联。仅在感染率高（大于80%）且感染强度大（大于22条微丝蚴/毫克皮肤）的种植园中发现有一只或两只眼睛患盘尾丝虫性失明。
