Malcolm R E, Bechard T E
Acta Otolaryngol. 1982;93(1-6):275-82. doi: 10.3109/00016488209130883.
The left horizontal semicircular canal of the leopard frog (Rana pipiens) was exposed and the entire intact nerve was draped over a platinum-iridium hook for recording action potentials (a.p.'s). The preparation was then rotated sinusoidally in the horizontal plane at 0.3 Hz with varying angular displacements. The arm of the canal was then transected, and a fine micropipette ligated in place in one end of the arm. Artificial endolymph was pumped into and out of the canal at the same frequency, while the amplitude of the displacement was varied from sub-threshold to supra-threshold values as determined from the resulting a.p. train. By comparing the two a.p. trains, it was determined that the movement of endolymph in the canals was 5.3 x 10(-8) cm3/deg/s, and that the threshold displacement of the midpoint of the cupula was 7.6 x 10(-5) cm (0.76 micrometers).
暴露豹蛙（豹纹蛙）的左侧水平半规管，将完整的神经搭在铂铱钩上以记录动作电位（a.p.）。然后将该标本在水平面以0.3Hz的频率进行正弦旋转，角位移不同。接着将半规管的臂横切，将一根精细的微吸管结扎在臂的一端。以相同频率向半规管内泵入和泵出人工内淋巴，同时根据产生的动作电位序列将位移幅度从阈下值变化到阈上值。通过比较两个动作电位序列，确定内淋巴在半规管中的移动速度为5.3×10⁻⁸立方厘米/度/秒，并且壶腹中点的阈位移为7.6×10⁻⁵厘米（0.76微米）。
