Samson W K, Lumpkin M D, Vijayan E, McCann S M
Endocrinol Exp. 1982 Nov;16(3-4):177-89.
It was established that VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide), secretin, CCK (cholecystokinin), gastrin and motilin can be localized to the CNS by immunologic means. Whether or not these immuno-crossreactivities represent peptides identical to those in the g.i. tracts remains to be established. The neuronal localization of these five peptides in the gut predicted, however, their presence in neurons of the CNS. Furthermore, their presence within the hypothalamus and pituitary suggested physiological roles for these hormones in anterior pituitary function. We have now demonstrated the direct actions of VIP, secretin, gastrin and motilin on pituitary hormone release in vitro. Perhaps more importantly, we have described a hypothalamic site of action of VIP, secretin, CCK and gastrin to alter hormone release in vitro. Our data, taken in concert with those of other groups, suggest a modulatory role for the g.i. hormones and indicate the possible symphonic control by many hormones and transmitter candidates of distinct secretory events in the pituitary. Indeed, these data indicate the complexity underlying the finally tuned hypothalamus-pituitary-target tissue axis.
现已证实，血管活性肠肽（VIP）、促胰液素、胆囊收缩素（CCK）、胃泌素和胃动素可通过免疫学方法在中枢神经系统中定位。这些免疫交叉反应性所代表的肽是否与胃肠道中的肽相同，仍有待确定。然而，这五种肽在肠道中的神经元定位预示着它们存在于中枢神经系统的神经元中。此外，它们在下丘脑和垂体中的存在表明这些激素在前垂体功能中具有生理作用。我们现已证明VIP、促胰液素、胃泌素和胃动素对体外垂体激素释放具有直接作用。也许更重要的是，我们已经描述了VIP、促胰液素、CCK和胃泌素在体外改变激素释放的下丘脑作用位点。我们的数据与其他研究小组的数据一致，表明胃肠激素具有调节作用，并表明许多激素和可能的递质对垂体中不同分泌事件可能存在协同控制。事实上，这些数据表明了最终调节的下丘脑 - 垂体 - 靶组织轴背后的复杂性。
