Wei C I, Al Bayati M A, Culbertson M R, Rosenblatt L S, Hansen L D
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1982 Oct-Nov;10(4-5):673-87. doi: 10.1080/15287398209530286.
Acute toxicity of ammonium metavanadate solutions in normal saline (pH 6.7) or 0.1 M Tris-HCl-NaCl buffers (pH 7.2 or pH 7.8) was studied in BALB/c mice at 20 mg V/kg. Animals receiving these solutions subcutaneously started to show severe clinical signs 10-15 min postinjection and high mortality rates (45-73%) during the first 3 d. Animals dying because of vanadium toxicity did so only within the first 3 d after injection. NH4VO3-treated animals showed a tendency to increase their liver and spleen weights as compared to those receiving control solutions. Severe necrosis in lymphoid tissues (thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer's patch), pulmonary hemorrhage, and renal acute tubular necrosis were commonly demonstrated in vanadium-treated animals. Toxicity of NH4VO3 solution in 0.1 M Tris-HCl-NaCl buffer (pH 7.8) was greatly reduced upon acidification with HCl to pH 6.1 or following boiling for 15 min (final pH of 7.7). Acidification of the solution reduced the mortality rate to 20 from 68%; however, the clinical signs were still severe. Boiling of the solution reduced the mortality rate to zero and moderated the severity of the clinical signs.
在BALB/c小鼠中研究了偏钒酸铵溶液在生理盐水（pH 6.7）或0.1 M Tris-HCl-NaCl缓冲液（pH 7.2或pH 7.8）中的急性毒性，剂量为20 mg V/kg。皮下注射这些溶液的动物在注射后10 - 15分钟开始出现严重的临床症状，且在前3天内死亡率很高（45 - 73%）。因钒中毒死亡的动物仅在注射后的前3天内死亡。与接受对照溶液的动物相比，经NH4VO3处理的动物肝脏和脾脏重量有增加的趋势。在经钒处理的动物中，常见淋巴组织（胸腺、脾脏、淋巴结和派伊尔结）严重坏死、肺出血和肾急性肾小管坏死。用HCl将0.1 M Tris-HCl-NaCl缓冲液（pH 7.8）中的NH4VO3溶液酸化至pH 6.1或煮沸15分钟（最终pH 7.7）后，其毒性大大降低。溶液酸化使死亡率从68%降至20%；然而，临床症状仍然严重。溶液煮沸使死亡率降至零，并减轻了临床症状的严重程度。
