Barker R, Old D C, Sharp J C
J Hyg (Lond). 1980 Feb;84(1):115-25. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400026607.
Biotyping by the scheme of Duguid et al. (1975) of 2010 cultures of Salmonella typhimurium received by the Scottish Salmonella Reference Laboratory in 1974--6, the definitive phage types of which were known, revealed 137 different phage type/biotype groups. Four major epidemic clones, comprising 52% of the cultures, were recognized: 1/2a, 49/26a, 56/17g and 141/9f. The sources of each of these four groups of strains were primarily bovine (587 cultures) and human (361), suggesting a close association between infections in the two hosts. Epidemiological evidence showed that most of the outbreaks were caused by cultures of a single phage type/biotype, suggesting that both phage typing and biotyping characters were usually stable in the course of spread of epidemic strains. Thirty-two of the 63 phage types contained strains of more than one biotype. Cultures from 11 of the phage types were of two or more closely related biotypes and those from 21 others were of unrelated or distantly related biotypes. The combined use of phage typing and biotyping made it possible to detect occasional variations in the phage type or biotype in epidemic clones during their spread, e.g. phage type 49 to 204, 56 to 193, 141 to 193 and biotype 2a to 10a, 9f to 9bf, or 9cf, 26a to 26f.
采用杜吉德等人（1975年）的分型方案，对1974 - 1976年苏格兰沙门氏菌参考实验室收到的2010株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌培养物进行生物分型，这些培养物的最终噬菌体类型已知，结果显示有137个不同的噬菌体类型/生物型组。识别出四个主要的流行克隆，占培养物的52%：1/2a、49/26a、56/17g和141/9f。这四组菌株的来源主要是牛（587株培养物）和人（361株），表明这两种宿主的感染之间存在密切关联。流行病学证据表明，大多数疫情是由单一噬菌体类型/生物型的培养物引起的，这表明在流行菌株传播过程中，噬菌体分型和生物分型特征通常是稳定的。63种噬菌体类型中的32种包含不止一种生物型的菌株。11种噬菌体类型的培养物属于两种或更多密切相关的生物型，另外21种的培养物属于不相关或远缘相关的生物型。噬菌体分型和生物分型的联合使用使得在流行克隆传播过程中能够检测到噬菌体类型或生物型的偶尔变异，例如噬菌体类型49变为204、56变为193、141变为193，生物型2a变为10a、9f变为9bf或9cf、26a变为26f。
