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古巴工人与社区的参与及民主管理

Workers' and community participation and democratic control in Cuba.

作者信息

Navarro V

出版信息

Int J Health Serv. 1980;10(2):197-216. doi: 10.2190/6H8L-XMU4-Q9Y2-0YP2.

Abstract

This article is a historical and current analysis and description of the evolution of worker, community, and popular participation and democratic control in Cuba since 1958. It contains: (a) an analysis of the political developments in the Cuban Revolution that led to the establishment of direct forms of democracy at the work-place and in the community; (b) a detailed analysis and account of how workers participate and control the processes of production and distribution of goods and services; and (c) an in-depth account and analysis of how people living in neighborhoods, rural and urban districts, municipalities, and provinces control the different levels and branches of the state apparatus--People's Power--and also how they participate in the implementation--through mass organizations--of state policies. The responsibilites, modus operandi, and relationships of the Communist Party, the trade unions, and other mass organizations, and the organs of People's Power, are also described and analyzed. The opportunities and problems, successes and failures, and strengths and weaknesses of the Cuban road to socialism and democracy are detailed. It is concluded that the Cuban Revolution has enhanced democracy most dramatically through the Cuban people's substantial involvement, participation, and control of their own lives.

摘要

本文是对1958年以来古巴工人、社区及民众参与和民主控制的演变进行的历史与现状分析及描述。它包含:(a)对古巴革命中导致在工作场所和社区建立直接民主形式的政治发展的分析;(b)对工人如何参与和控制商品与服务的生产及分配过程的详细分析与阐述;(c)对生活在邻里、城乡地区、市和省的人们如何控制国家机构——人民政权——的不同层级和部门,以及他们如何通过群众组织参与国家政策实施的深入阐述与分析。共产党、工会及其他群众组织与人民政权机关的职责、运作方式及关系也得到了描述与分析。古巴社会主义和民主道路的机遇与问题、成功与失败、优势与劣势都得到了详细阐述。结论是,古巴革命通过古巴人民对自身生活的大量参与、介入和控制,极大地增进了民主。

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