Fysh J M, Andrews L S, Pohl L R, Nebert D W
Pharmacology. 1980;20(1):1-8. doi: 10.1159/000137336.
Hexane extracts of four commercial preparations of coal tar shampoos were studied for their mutagenic properties in the Salmonella/liver test system in vitro. Three of the four shampoos were highly mutagenic, whereas the fourth was not - under our experimental conditions. By high-performance liquid chromatographic, gas-liquid chromatographic, and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analyses, more than 35 distinct fractions could be resolved; seven polycyclic aromatic chemicals believed to be present in coal tar were tentatively assigned as the major component of some of these fractions. The shampoo extract that was most mutagenic had a greater number of distinct fractions and contained approximately 50 times more benzo[a]pyrene, compared with the one shampoo extract that was not mutagenic under our experimental conditions. The possible clinical hazards of this observed mutagenicity of certain coal tar shampoos are presently not known.
对四种市售煤焦油洗发水制剂的己烷提取物进行了体外沙门氏菌/肝脏测试系统中的致突变性研究。在我们的实验条件下，四种洗发水中有三种具有高度致突变性，而第四种则没有。通过高效液相色谱、气液色谱和气液色谱 - 质谱分析，可以分离出35多个不同的馏分；七种被认为存在于煤焦油中的多环芳烃化学物质被初步确定为其中一些馏分的主要成分。在我们的实验条件下，致突变性最强的洗发水提取物具有更多不同的馏分，并且所含苯并[a]芘的量比不具有致突变性的一种洗发水提取物多约50倍。目前尚不清楚某些煤焦油洗发水所观察到的这种致突变性可能存在的临床危害。
