Bignami M, Conti G, Conti L, Crebelli R, Misuraca F, Puglia A M, Randazzo R, Sciandrello G, Carere A
Chem Biol Interact. 1980 Apr;30(1):9-23. doi: 10.1016/0009-2797(80)90110-6.
Eight structurally related halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons mono-, di- and trichloroacetaldehyde (the last in the anhydrous and hydrate form), moni-, di- and trichloroethanol and allyl chloride, were tested for their ability to induce gene mutations in prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. The genetic systems employed were the Salmonella reversion test with strain TA1535 and TA100, with and without metabolic activation, a forward and a back-mutation system in S. coelicolor and two forward mutation systems in A. nidulans. Each compound was tested with the spot and plate incorporation assay techniques. Mono-, di- and trichloroacetaldehyde were mutagenic in all the microorganisms employed; all the halogenated ethanols were positive in A. nidulans, while in S. typhimurium and in S. coelicolor the only active forms were respectively the mono- and dichloroderivatives. Allyl chloride was active in S. typhimurium and S. coelicolor and negative in A. nidulans. The technical approach as well as the complex influence of different factors (toxicity, volatility and stability) on the genetic response of each of the compounds under test did not allow to obtain more than a qualitative relationship between mutagenic potency and chemical structure.
对八种结构相关的卤代脂肪烃进行了测试，包括一氯乙醛、二氯乙醛、三氯乙醛（最后一种有无水和水合两种形式）、一氯乙醇、二氯乙醇、三氯乙醇以及烯丙基氯，以检测它们在原核和真核微生物中诱发基因突变的能力。所采用的遗传系统包括：用TA1535和TA100菌株进行的沙门氏菌回复突变试验，有或无代谢活化；天蓝色链霉菌中的正向和反向突变系统；构巢曲霉中的两个正向突变系统。每种化合物都采用斑点法和平板掺入法进行测试。一氯乙醛、二氯乙醛和三氯乙醛在所有使用的微生物中都具有致突变性；所有卤代乙醇在构巢曲霉中呈阳性，而在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和天蓝色链霉菌中，唯一有活性的形式分别是一氯衍生物和二氯衍生物。烯丙基氯在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和天蓝色链霉菌中具有活性，而在构巢曲霉中呈阴性。由于技术方法以及不同因素（毒性、挥发性和稳定性）对每种受试化合物遗传反应的复杂影响，无法获得致突变效力与化学结构之间超过定性关系的结果。
