Cooper D K, Norton R, Mobin M A, Cleland W P, Bentall H H, Darrell J H
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1980 May-Jun;21(3):279-86.
Two groups of patients undergoing open-heart surgery were given prophylactic courses of antibiotic lasting five days. One group (61 patients) received a cephalosporin and the second (57 patients) received a combination of penicillin, flucloxacillin and streptomycin. The overall major infection rate was low (3--4%), particularly so in the cephalosporin group (1.6%). There was no increased nephrotoxic effectt of the cephalosporin, and any nephrotoxic effect that was present was temporary and clinically unimportant. The major infecting organism in both groups was Staphylococcus albus (Staph. epidermidis). The efficiency, therefore, of any prophylactic regime which omits gentamicin, to which Staph. albus in usually sensitive, remains in doubt.
两组接受心脏直视手术的患者接受了为期五天的抗生素预防性疗程。一组（61例患者）接受头孢菌素治疗，另一组（57例患者）接受青霉素、氟氯西林和链霉素的联合治疗。总体主要感染率较低（3%-4%），头孢菌素组尤其低（1.6%）。头孢菌素没有增加肾毒性作用，任何存在的肾毒性作用都是暂时的，临床上并不重要。两组的主要感染病原体均为白色葡萄球菌（表皮葡萄球菌）。因此，任何省略庆大霉素的预防性治疗方案的有效性仍存疑问，而白色葡萄球菌通常对庆大霉素敏感。
