Slama T G, Sklar S J, Misinski J, Fess S W
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 May;29(5):744-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.29.5.744.
A total of 337 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or cardiac valve replacement were randomly assigned to receive cefazolin (1 g every 8 h [q8h]), cefamandole (2 g q6h), or cefuroxime (1.5 g q12h) as an intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis. All drugs were administered within 60 min before the initial incision and were continued for 48 h postoperatively. No adverse effects related to the study drugs were observed. The percentage of patients with postoperative infection was 9% for the cefazolin group, 6% for the cefamandole group, and 5% for the cefuroxime group or 6.5% overall. There were more infection sites in patients treated with cefazolin than in those treated with cefuroxime (P = 0.05) or cefamandole (P = 0.06). Fewer wound infections occurred with cefuroxime (P less than 0.01) and cefamandole (P = 0.06) than with cefazolin. Analyses of the prophylactic regimens used in this study showed cefazolin and cefuroxime to be less costly than cefamandole.
总共337例接受冠状动脉搭桥术或心脏瓣膜置换术的患者被随机分配接受头孢唑林（每8小时1克[q8h]）、头孢孟多（每6小时2克）或头孢呋辛（每12小时1.5克）作为静脉抗生素预防用药。所有药物均在初次切口前60分钟内给药，并在术后持续使用48小时。未观察到与研究药物相关的不良反应。头孢唑林组术后感染患者的百分比为9%，头孢孟多组为6%，头孢呋辛组为5%，总体为6.5%。接受头孢唑林治疗的患者感染部位比接受头孢呋辛治疗的患者多（P = 0.05），也比接受头孢孟多治疗的患者多（P = 0.06）。与头孢唑林相比，头孢呋辛（P小于0.01）和头孢孟多（P = 0.06）导致的伤口感染较少。对本研究中使用的预防方案的分析表明，头孢唑林和头孢呋辛的成本低于头孢孟多。
