Vestal R E, Wood A J
Clin Pharmacokinet. 1980 Jul-Aug;5(4):309-19. doi: 10.2165/00003088-198005040-00001.
The effect of advanced age on drug disposition and response is the subject of an increasing number of research studies. Cigarette smoking and other environmental factors have been shown to influence the metabolism of some drugs. Studies of the effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of antipyrine, indocyanine green and propranolol indicate that the association of increased drug metabolism and smoking occurs predominantly in the young and that apparent liver blood flow declines with age regardless of smoking habits. This age related effect of smoking on drug metabolism may reflect a reduced capacity for hepatic enzyme induction in the elderly. The relative importance of age related alterations in the intrinsic drug metabolising ability of the liver and in liver blood flow depend on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug being investigated.
高龄对药物处置和反应的影响是越来越多研究的主题。吸烟和其他环境因素已被证明会影响某些药物的代谢。关于年龄对安替比林、吲哚菁绿和普萘洛尔药代动力学影响的研究表明，药物代谢增加与吸烟之间的关联主要发生在年轻人中，并且无论吸烟习惯如何，肝脏血流量都会随着年龄的增长而下降。吸烟对药物代谢的这种与年龄相关的影响可能反映了老年人肝脏酶诱导能力的降低。肝脏内在药物代谢能力和肝脏血流量中与年龄相关的改变的相对重要性取决于所研究药物的药代动力学特征。
