Makino S, Kunimoto K, Muraoka Y, Mizushima Y, Katagiri K, Tochino Y
Jikken Dobutsu. 1980 Jan;29(1):1-13. doi: 10.1538/expanim1978.29.1_1.
A female mouse spontaneously exhibiting polyuria and glucosuria accompanied by rapid weight loss waa found in one of two sublines derived from the CTS mice. Eight mating pairs were made using its offspring and selection was performed for both spontaneous diabetes and reproductive ability. After six generations of the selective breeding the diabetic (nod) and the control (non) lines were established. A marked sex difference was observed in the incidence of diabetic symptoms in the nod mouse. The cumulative incidence of the onset up to 30 weeks of age was 80% in females and less than 20% in males. The onset of diabetes was abrupt in both sexes, and spontaneous remission was not observed. However, daily administration of insulin induced an increase of body weight and a prolongation of life span. Diabetic symptoms are biochemically characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, hyperglycemia, glucosuria and hypercholesteremia. Pathological examination revealed a high frequency of lymphocyte infiltration around and/or into the Langerhans' islet. It was observed even at the prediabetic stage over five weeks of both sexes. The number and size of the islets were markedly reduced in the overt diabetic mice. Although the mechanism of the pathogenesis is not clear yet, the nod mouse may be a useful animal model for investigating the human juvenile type diabetes.
在源自CTS小鼠的两个亚系之一中，发现一只雌性小鼠自发出现多尿和糖尿，并伴有体重迅速减轻。使用其后代进行了八对交配，并对自发糖尿病和生殖能力进行了选择。经过六代选择性育种，建立了糖尿病（nod）系和对照（non）系。在nod小鼠中观察到糖尿病症状的发生率存在明显的性别差异。在30周龄时，雌性的累积发病发生率为80%，雄性则低于20%。糖尿病在两性中发病都很突然，且未观察到自发缓解。然而，每日注射胰岛素可导致体重增加和寿命延长。糖尿病症状的生化特征为多尿、多饮、高血糖、糖尿和高胆固醇血症。病理检查显示，朗格汉斯胰岛周围和/或内部淋巴细胞浸润的频率很高。在两性超过五周的糖尿病前期阶段就已观察到这种情况。在明显糖尿病小鼠中，胰岛的数量和大小明显减少。尽管发病机制尚不清楚，但nod小鼠可能是研究人类青少年型糖尿病的有用动物模型。
