Herlbauer R
Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1980 Mar 15;35(6):269-74.
The different disturbances of these organs resulting from the relative endocrine autonomy of the parathyroid glands obtain a manifold symptomatology often with an only later diagnosing. In increased activity of the parathyroid glands hypercalcaemia as well as generalized osteodystrophy are indicating the target in combination with subperiostal resorptions of the corticalis at the phalanges. As a rule underfunction distinguishes itself by hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia and osteoscleroses due to increased mineral fixation in bones. Pseudoparathyreotic conditions are to be differed from actual pictures of the disease only in typical expression. In the paraneoplastic syndromes appearing within this boundary only the proof of a malignoma allows a secure demarcation. On account of the often uncharacteristic X-ray picture, the variable symptomatology and the in many cases lacking directive paraclinical findings practically all pathological bone processes which are based on deviations in the calcium and phosphate metabolism are to be included in differential-diagnostic considerations.
甲状旁腺相对内分泌自主性导致的这些器官的不同紊乱会产生多种症状，通常在较晚时才得以诊断。甲状旁腺活动增强时，高钙血症以及全身性骨营养不良与指骨皮质骨膜下吸收相结合，提示病变所在。通常情况下，功能减退表现为低钙血症、高磷血症以及由于骨矿物质固定增加导致的骨质硬化。假性甲状旁腺功能减退状态仅在典型表现上与该病的实际情况有所不同。在此范围内出现的副肿瘤综合征中，只有证实存在恶性肿瘤才能进行明确鉴别。由于X线表现常常不典型、症状多样且在许多情况下缺乏指导性的辅助检查结果，实际上所有基于钙和磷代谢异常的病理性骨病变都应纳入鉴别诊断的考虑范围。
