Galloway R J, Taylor B L
J Bacteriol. 1980 Dec;144(3):1068-75. doi: 10.1128/jb.144.3.1068-1075.1980.
Starvation for histidine prevented tumbling in Salmonella typhimurium hisF auxotrophs, including constantly tumbling strains with an additional mutation in cheB or cheZ. However, histidine-starved cheZs hisF strains were not defective in flagellar function or the tumbling mechanism since freshly starved auxotrophs tumbled in response to a variety of repellents. Tumbling in histidine-starved S. typhimurium could be restored in 13 s by addition of adenine or in 4 min by addition of histidine. Chloramphenicol did not prevent restoration of tumbling by these substances. Assays of adenosine 5'-triphosphate were performed based upon previous demonstration of adenine depletion in hisF auxotrophs starved for histidine. The adenosine 5'-triphosphate concentration dropped rapidly during the course of starvation, falling to less than 5% of the initial level as the cells ceased tumbling entirely. The change to smooth motility was prevented by 2-thiazolealanine, which inhibits phosphoribosyltransferase, thereby preventing adenine depletion during histidine starvation. These results suggest that an adenosine 5'-triphosphate deficiency was responsible for the change in tumbling frequency.
组氨酸饥饿可阻止鼠伤寒沙门氏菌hisF营养缺陷型菌株发生翻滚，包括在cheB或cheZ基因上有额外突变的持续翻滚菌株。然而，组氨酸饥饿的cheZs hisF菌株在鞭毛功能或翻滚机制上并无缺陷，因为刚饥饿的营养缺陷型菌株会对多种驱避剂做出翻滚反应。在组氨酸饥饿的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌中，加入腺嘌呤可在13秒内恢复翻滚，加入组氨酸则可在4分钟内恢复。氯霉素并不能阻止这些物质恢复翻滚。基于之前对缺乏组氨酸的hisF营养缺陷型菌株中腺嘌呤消耗的证明，进行了腺苷5'-三磷酸的测定。在饥饿过程中，腺苷5'-三磷酸浓度迅速下降，当细胞完全停止翻滚时，降至初始水平的5%以下。2-噻唑丙氨酸可阻止向平滑运动的转变，它抑制磷酸核糖基转移酶，从而防止组氨酸饥饿期间的腺嘌呤消耗。这些结果表明，腺苷5'-三磷酸缺乏是翻滚频率变化的原因。
