Reid R L, Yen S S
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1981 Jan;139(1):85-104. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(81)90417-8.
The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a major clinical entity afflicting a large segment of the female population. Available information are descriptive in nature and the etiology of this syndrome remains unclear. In this review, both biochemical and psychosocial elements of the syndrome have been explored in an effort to redefine the pathophysiology of this seemingly multifactorial psychoneuroendocrine dysfunction. We propose that luteal phase sensitivity to and subsequent withdrawal from the central effects of the neuropeptides beta-endorphin and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone result in a cascade of neuroendocrine changes within the brain-hypothalamus-pituitary complex. Modulation of neurotransmitter function by these peptides may produce alterations in mood and behavior as well as enhance pituitary release of prolactin and vasopressin. Variable gonadal steroid modulation of these responses from subject to subject likely accounts for the heterogeneous clinical manifestations of the PMS.
经前综合征（PMS）是困扰很大一部分女性群体的主要临床病症。现有信息多为描述性的，该综合征的病因仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，对该综合征的生化和心理社会因素都进行了探讨，以重新界定这种看似多因素的精神神经内分泌功能障碍的病理生理学。我们提出，黄体期对神经肽β-内啡肽和α-黑素细胞刺激素的中枢效应敏感并随后从中撤出，会导致脑-下丘脑-垂体复合体出现一系列神经内分泌变化。这些肽对神经递质功能的调节可能会引起情绪和行为的改变，并增强垂体释放催乳素和加压素。个体之间这些反应的性腺类固醇调节存在差异，这可能是经前综合征临床表现异质性的原因。
