Carson E R, Cobelli C, Finkelstein L
Am J Physiol. 1981 Mar;240(3):R120-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1981.240.3.R120.
Introductory principles of physiological systems analysis by computer simulation or computation are introduced. The problems of model formulation, identification, and validation are examined. Selected guidelines for successful modeling are suggested, and examples of such applications in the field of endocrinology and metabolism are given.