Hull P S
J Clin Periodontol. 1980 Dec;7(6):431-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1980.tb02150.x.
Attempts to control plaque by chemical means using enzymes, antibiotics and antiseptics are reviewed. Enzymes such as mucinase, dehydrated pancreas, enzymes of fungal origin, dextranase and mutanase showed limited clinical success despite promising in vitro and animal studies. Side effects from the use of enzymes were observed. Many antibiotics have been used in attempts to control plaque and several have been successful. However, problems exist from the long-term use of such drugs which precludes their routine use as agents for controlling plaque. The biguanide chlorhexidine is the most widely used and investigated method of chemical plaque control. Many studies have been demonstrated that it will successfully control plaque. No toxic side effects have been reported from its long-term use but local side effects such as staining of the teeth do occur. The quaternary ammonium compounds have at present no advantages over the biguanides and require more frequent usage to achieve the same degree of plaque control as chlorhexidine.
综述了使用酶、抗生素和防腐剂等化学方法控制牙菌斑的尝试。尽管在体外和动物研究中前景看好，但诸如粘蛋白酶、脱水胰酶、真菌来源的酶、葡聚糖酶和变聚糖酶等酶在临床应用中取得的成功有限。使用酶时观察到了副作用。许多抗生素已被用于控制牙菌斑，其中一些取得了成功。然而，长期使用这类药物存在问题，这使得它们不能作为控制牙菌斑的常规药物。双胍类的洗必泰是化学控制牙菌斑应用最广泛且研究最多的方法。许多研究表明它能成功控制牙菌斑。长期使用未报告有毒性副作用，但确实会出现牙齿染色等局部副作用。目前季铵化合物与双胍类相比没有优势，并且需要更频繁使用才能达到与洗必泰相同程度的牙菌斑控制效果。
