人体空气污染致癌物负荷的调查。第十五部分。汽车尾气中的多环芳烃——一份清单。

Investigation on the carcinogen burden by air pollution in man. XV. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in automobile exhaust gas--an inventory.

作者信息

Grimmer G, Böhnke H, Glaser A

出版信息

Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig B. 1977 May;164(3):218-34.

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (=PAH) emitted by two different vehicles were separated by gas chromatography and characterized by mass spectrometry after enrichment from exhaust gas condensate. Gasoline was investigated also using this technique. The quantities of PAH with boiling points higher than 338 degrees C contained in the exhaust gas were compared to those present in the fuel. About 150 different PAH have been characterized by mass spectrometry, 75 of these were identified by means of comparison with authentic samples. Six compounds of the PAH-group consisting of 4-7 rings, which are suspected of possessing carcinogenic activity, are described here for the first time. Structures of these hitherto unidentified PAH are proposed by means of MS and UV spectral informations (11H-cyclopenta(qrs)benzo(e)-pyrene, 10H-cyclopenta(mno)benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(ghi)cyclopenta(pqr)perylene, cyclopentenopyrene). According to the different PAH-profiles of the fuel and of the exhaust gas, it is concluded that the main part of the PAH emitted is produced de novo during the combustion in the engine and furthermore that the PAH contained in the fuel are combusted for the most part.

摘要

通过气相色谱法分离了两种不同车辆排放的多环芳烃（=PAH），并在从废气冷凝物中富集后用质谱法对其进行了表征。还用该技术对汽油进行了研究。将废气中沸点高于338℃的多环芳烃含量与燃料中的多环芳烃含量进行了比较。通过质谱法已表征了约150种不同的多环芳烃，其中75种通过与标准样品比较得以鉴定。首次在此描述了由4至7个环组成的多环芳烃组中的六种化合物，它们被怀疑具有致癌活性。借助质谱和紫外光谱信息（11H-环戊并（qrs）苯并（e）芘、10H-环戊并（mno）苯并（a）芘、苯并（ghi）环戊并（pqr）苝、环戊烯并芘）提出了这些迄今未鉴定的多环芳烃的结构。根据燃料和废气的不同多环芳烃谱，得出的结论是，排放的多环芳烃的主要部分是在发动机燃烧过程中重新生成的，此外，燃料中所含的多环芳烃大部分被燃烧掉了。