Skinner H A, Holt S, Israel Y
Can Med Assoc J. 1981 May 1;124(9):1141-52.
Traditional approaches to the medical management of alcohol-related disorders have met with limited success in altering the prevalence of alcohol abuse. Evidence suggests that identifying early those who drink to excess and intervening with low-cost educational and motivational programs could significantly reduce the prevalence of alcohol-related disabilities. However, physicians must take systematic steps to detect alcohol abuse. Part 1 of this two-part series discusses the need for early identification of individuals who drink to excess and the factors that may either facilitate or hinder the development of effective programs for detecting alcohol abuse. A profile is given of important psychosocial indicators of alcohol abuse, including the classic signs of alcohol abuse, the early manifestations of heavy drinking, the predisposing or high-risk factors for alcohol abuse, and the precipitating events and correlated habits of excessive drinking.
传统的酒精相关障碍医学管理方法在改变酒精滥用流行率方面取得的成功有限。有证据表明，尽早识别过量饮酒者并通过低成本的教育和激励项目进行干预，可显著降低酒精相关残疾的流行率。然而，医生必须采取系统的措施来检测酒精滥用情况。这个两部分系列的第一部分讨论了尽早识别过量饮酒者的必要性，以及可能促进或阻碍有效检测酒精滥用项目发展的因素。文中给出了酒精滥用重要心理社会指标的概述，包括酒精滥用的典型迹象、大量饮酒的早期表现、酒精滥用的易感或高危因素，以及过量饮酒的诱发事件和相关习惯。
