Holt S, Skinner H A, Israel Y
Can Med Assoc J. 1981 May 15;124(10):1279-94, 1299.
Despite awareness of the wide variety of clinical and laboratory abnormalities associated with alcohol abuse, drinking problems often remain undetected in hospital and in general medical practice. The diagnosis of alcohol abuse has been emphasized repeatedly in the literature but far less attention has been paid to indicators that would permit detection of excessive drinking at a stage when intervention might be more effective and less costly. The search for indicators of early alcohol abuse is complicated since many of the medical sequelae of alcoholism are nonspecific and may only be manifested after a number of years of excessive drinking. Part 2 of this two-part series considers various clinical and laboratory features related to alcohol abuse and highlights items that are potentially more sensitive for detecting early stages of problem drinking. Use by physicians of a composite profile of both biomedical and psychosocial indicators of excessive alcohol consumption is recommended for early identification of this problem.
尽管人们已经认识到与酒精滥用相关的各种临床和实验室异常情况，但在医院和普通医疗实践中，饮酒问题往往仍未被发现。酒精滥用的诊断在文献中已被反复强调，但对于那些能够在干预可能更有效且成本更低的阶段检测出过度饮酒的指标，关注却少得多。寻找早期酒精滥用指标的工作很复杂，因为酒精中毒的许多医学后遗症是非特异性的，可能要在多年过度饮酒之后才会显现出来。这个两部分系列的第二部分探讨了与酒精滥用相关的各种临床和实验室特征，并突出了那些在检测问题饮酒早期阶段可能更敏感的项目。建议医生使用过度饮酒的生物医学和心理社会指标的综合概况，以便早期识别这个问题。
