van den Berg W B, van Beusekom H J, van de Putte L B, Zwarts W A, van der Sluis M
Am J Pathol. 1982 Jul;108(1):9-16.
Antigen localization after intraarticular antigen injection was studied in immune and nonimmune mice using autoradiographic and immunofluorescence techniques on whole joint sections. After intraarticular injection of radiolabeled methylated bovine serum albumin (125I-mBSA) in immune mice, labeling in the synovium and synovial exudate diminished rapidly, apart from some deposits in fibrinlike material present in the joint cavity. Long-term antigen retention was found in avascular and hypovascular structures lining the joint cavity, albeit not along the whole surface; eg, labeling remained present at the edges of the femoral condyle hyaline cartilage but not at the central weight-bearing region; long-term retention at ligaments was only found at the insertion sites. Immunofluorescence data in immune animals showed antigen retention together with the presence of immunoglobulins and complement, indicating that antigen is retained at least in part in the form of immune complexes. Nonimmune mice showed even higher long-term antigen retention than immune animals, probably related to physico-chemical properties of the antigen enabling nonimmune binding to articular structures, but also indicating that the presence of joint inflammation in the immune animals enhances antigen clearance. Histologic examination of the ligaments and patellar cartilage of immune mice did reveal that long-term antigen retention was not anatomically related to nearby inflammation or to local tissue damage. The importance of long-term antigen retention for the chronicity of arthritis may lie in the leakage of small amounts of this antigen to joint compartments where it does behave as an inflammatory stimulus; it may further be that it renders the joint a specifically hypersensitive area.
利用放射自显影和免疫荧光技术对全关节切片进行研究，观察免疫小鼠和非免疫小鼠关节内注射抗原后的抗原定位情况。在免疫小鼠关节内注射放射性标记的甲基化牛血清白蛋白（125I - mBSA）后，滑膜和滑膜渗出液中的标记迅速减少，关节腔内存在的纤维蛋白样物质中有一些沉积物除外。在关节腔衬里的无血管和血管较少的结构中发现了长期的抗原滞留，尽管不是沿整个表面；例如，标记物仍存在于股骨髁透明软骨的边缘，但在中央承重区域则没有；仅在韧带的插入部位发现了韧带的长期滞留。免疫动物的免疫荧光数据显示抗原滞留以及免疫球蛋白和补体的存在，表明抗原至少部分以免疫复合物的形式被滞留。非免疫小鼠显示出比免疫动物更高的长期抗原滞留，这可能与抗原的物理化学性质使其能够与关节结构进行非免疫结合有关，但也表明免疫动物中关节炎症的存在增强了抗原清除。对免疫小鼠的韧带和髌软骨进行组织学检查确实发现长期抗原滞留与附近的炎症或局部组织损伤在解剖学上无关。长期抗原滞留对关节炎慢性化的重要性可能在于少量这种抗原渗漏到关节腔室，在那里它确实作为一种炎症刺激物起作用；进一步的可能是它使关节成为一个特别敏感的区域。
