Valentin N, Lomholt B S, Andersen G W
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1982 Apr;26(2):156-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1982.tb01745.x.
The occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias and changes in pulse rate and blood pressure during mask anaesthesia with enflurane was investigated in 92 patients with special reference to the influence of atropine (0.01 mg kg-1 5 min before anaesthesia) and thiopental. The average duration of anaesthesia was a little less than 1 h in all four groups. More than five ventricular extrasystoles occurred in one patient (38 min after atropine). Supraventricular (mainly nodal) arrhythmias were significantly (P less than 0.005) more common in the atropine groups (15/45) than in the non-atropine groups (4/47). Following atropine, heart rate increased by about 25 beats min-1, whereas only very slight increases were seen in the non-atropine groups. Blood pressure fell at the induction but was almost back to normal at the end of anaesthesia. Blood pressure was unaffected by atropine. Slightly lower values of blood pressure were suggested in the thiopental groups, whereas thiopental did not modify cardiac rhythm or pulse rate. Suction of the pharynx was necessary in only one patient. In conclusion, the present study does not support the routine administration of atropine before enflurane anaesthesia with or without thiopental induction.
对92例患者进行了研究，特别关注阿托品（麻醉前5分钟，0.01毫克/千克）和硫喷妥钠的影响，观察了使用恩氟烷面罩麻醉期间心律失常的发生情况以及脉搏率和血压的变化。所有四组患者的平均麻醉时间略少于1小时。1例患者（使用阿托品38分钟后）出现了超过5次室性期前收缩。在使用阿托品的组（15/45）中，室上性（主要是结性）心律失常明显（P小于0.005）比未使用阿托品的组（4/47）更常见。使用阿托品后，心率增加约25次/分钟，而未使用阿托品的组仅出现非常轻微的增加。诱导期血压下降，但麻醉结束时几乎恢复正常。阿托品对血压无影响。硫喷妥钠组的血压值略低，而硫喷妥钠并未改变心律或脉搏率。仅1例患者需要进行咽部吸引。总之，本研究不支持在使用恩氟烷麻醉（无论是否使用硫喷妥钠诱导）前常规使用阿托品。
