Batton D G, Maisels M J, Appelbaum P
Pediatrics. 1982 Sep;70(3):487-90.
A randomized, controlled study was done to determine whether a 25-gauge steel needle or a 24-gauge Teflon catheter was preferable for the administration of peripheral intravenous fluids and medications to premature infants. A total of 58 cannulas--28 steel needles and 30 catheters--were used in 34 infants. The needles remained in place for 15.4 +/- 13.2 hours (mean +/- SD) and the Teflon catheters for 49.5 +/- 30.9 hours (mean +/- SD). All of the steel needles had to be removed because of infiltration whereas only 17/30 (57%) of the catheters infiltrated. A local inflammatory reaction, which was not related to infection, occurred with 11/30 (37%) of the Teflon catheters. Following removal, Staphylococcus epidermidis was grown from the culture of 1/19 steel needles and 1/25 catheters. In both instances this organism was thought to be a contaminant. Teflon catheters remain functional three times longer than steel needles with no apparent increase in complications. The use of these catheters, therefore, appears to be the preferred method for administering intravenous fluids to premature infants.
进行了一项随机对照研究，以确定25号钢针或24号聚四氟乙烯导管用于给早产儿输注外周静脉液体和药物时哪种更优。34名婴儿共使用了58根套管——28根钢针和30根导管。钢针留置时间为15.4±13.2小时（均值±标准差），聚四氟乙烯导管为49.5±30.9小时（均值±标准差）。所有钢针均因渗漏而必须拔除，而导管仅有17/30（57%）发生渗漏。11/30（37%）的聚四氟乙烯导管出现了与感染无关的局部炎症反应。拔除后，1/19根钢针和1/25根导管的培养物中培养出表皮葡萄球菌。在这两种情况下，该微生物均被认为是污染物。聚四氟乙烯导管的功能维持时间比钢针长三倍，且并发症无明显增加。因此，使用这些导管似乎是给早产儿输注静脉液体的首选方法。
