McNamara D G, Latson L A
Am J Cardiol. 1982 Sep;50(3):560-8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(82)90325-3.
The results of long-term follow-up studies of patients with five common congenital heart defects are reviewed. The lesions included are ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary stenosis and coarctation of the aorta. A definitive, rather than palliative, operation has been available for each of these lesions for more than 25 years. Therefore many patients who have undergone operation for one of these lesions are now reaching adulthood. Although most of these postoperative patients live a normal life, many have residuae or sequelae that require close observation or treatment. Other persistent abnormalities of the physical examination, electrocardiogram and chest radiogram are obvious but call for no precaution or treatment. We have drawn on our own experience and the published experience of others to identify those findings and historical factors that best reflect the long-term prognosis of these patients. In addition, recommendations concerning the need for continued prophylaxis against infective endocarditis, and the problems of insurability and employability of these postoperative patients are discussed.
本文回顾了患有五种常见先天性心脏缺陷患者的长期随访研究结果。所涉及的病变包括室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭、肺动脉狭窄和主动脉缩窄。对于这些病变中的每一种，超过25年来都已有确定性而非姑息性的手术方法。因此，许多接受过这些病变之一手术的患者现已步入成年期。尽管这些术后患者中的大多数过着正常生活，但许多人仍有需要密切观察或治疗的残留症状或后遗症。体格检查、心电图和胸部X线检查中的其他持续性异常很明显，但无需采取预防措施或治疗。我们借鉴了自己的经验以及其他人已发表的经验，以确定那些最能反映这些患者长期预后的检查结果和历史因素。此外，还讨论了关于继续预防感染性心内膜炎的必要性，以及这些术后患者的保险和就业问题。
