Ernster V L, Mason L, Goodson W H, Sickles E A, Sacks S T, Selvin S, Dupuy M E, Hawkinson J, Hunt T K
Surgery. 1982 Mar;91(3):263-7.
There is considerable interest in the potential effect on benign disease of a diet free of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine) found in coffee, tea, colas, and chocolate. We randomly assigned 158 women who presented with a breast concern either to a group encouraged to abstain from methylxanthine-containing foods and beverages or to a group who received no dietary recommendations (controls). At the initial visit each patient's sociomedical history and data on methylxanthine consumption were obtained by interview, and clinically palpable breast findings were graded on a scale of 0 to 4 (no nodularity to confluent hard "dysplasia") for each quadrant of both breasts. On the follow-up visit approximately 4 months later similar information was obtained. Mammograms were taken at both visits for a subset of women in each group. We found a statistically significant reduction in clinically palpable breast findings in the abstaining group as compared with controls, but the absolute change was minor and may be of little clinical significance. Comparison of before-after mammograms offered little support for the methylxanthine hypothesis. There was no relation between clinically palpable breast finding scores at initial examination and caffeine consumption levels reported at that time.
人们对不含甲基黄嘌呤（存在于咖啡、茶、可乐和巧克力中的咖啡因、茶碱和可可碱）的饮食对良性疾病的潜在影响十分关注。我们将158名因乳房问题前来就诊的女性随机分为两组，一组被鼓励戒除含甲基黄嘌呤的食物和饮料，另一组不接受饮食建议（对照组）。在初次就诊时，通过访谈获取每位患者的社会医学病史和甲基黄嘌呤摄入量数据，并对双侧乳房每个象限的临床可触及乳房检查结果按0至4级进行评分（从无结节到融合性硬“发育异常”）。在大约4个月后的随访中，获取类似信息。每组中的一部分女性在两次就诊时均进行了乳房X光检查。我们发现，与对照组相比，戒除组临床可触及乳房检查结果有统计学显著降低，但绝对变化较小，可能临床意义不大。乳房X光检查前后的对比几乎没有支持甲基黄嘌呤假说。初次检查时临床可触及乳房检查结果评分与当时报告的咖啡因摄入量水平之间没有关联。
