Nelson L D, Houtchens B A
Crit Care Med. 1982 Mar;10(3):190-2. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198203000-00010.
To investigate the effects of operator variability on thermodilution cardiac output determinations, a group of physicians and nurses made a series of manual indicator injections and automatic injections using a gas powered injector in a simulated clinical situation. The data show significant variability in injection time, injectate flow rate, consistency of injection, and cardiac output values obtained during manual injections. There was little variability in these parameters during automatic injections. When other variables are properly controlled, the automatic injector may improve the precision of cardiac output measurements by controlling the consistency of injection and variables introduced by different operators performing manual injections. However, despite significant variation in parameters associated with manual injection, it is interesting to note that 8 out of 10 operators obtained cardiac output values by hand injection using room temperature injectate, which did not differ significantly from those obtained by automatic injection.
为研究操作者变异性对热稀释法心输出量测定的影响，一组医生和护士在模拟临床环境中使用气体驱动注射器进行了一系列手动指示剂注射和自动注射。数据显示，手动注射期间在注射时间、注射液流速、注射一致性以及所获得的心输出量值方面存在显著变异性。自动注射期间这些参数的变异性很小。当其他变量得到适当控制时，自动注射器可通过控制注射一致性以及不同操作者进行手动注射所引入的变量，提高心输出量测量的精度。然而，尽管与手动注射相关的参数存在显著差异，但有趣的是，10名操作者中有8名使用室温注射液通过手动注射获得的心输出量值与自动注射获得的值并无显著差异。
