Carson D J, Okuno A, Lee P A, Stetten G, Didolkar S M, Migeon C J
Am J Dis Child. 1982 Mar;136(3):218-22.
Concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), DHA sulfate (DHAS), progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), and hydrocortisone were determined in amniotic fluid obtained at amniocentesis or at elective cesarean section. Male fetuses had significantly higher concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione than female fetuses had between 15 and 21 weeks of gestation but not near term (36 to 40 weeks). In both sexes, progesterone and 17-OHP concentrations fell and DHA, DHAS, and hydrocortisone concentrations increased significantly with advancing gestational age. Amniotic fluid 17-OHP, testosterone, DHA, and androstenedione levels from female fetuses with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) were more elevated in the second trimester than in the third. Three female fetuses at risk for CAH, but not affected, had normal steroid concentrations. Steroid concentrations from two fetuses with Klinefelter's syndrome were not abnormal.
在羊膜穿刺术或选择性剖宫产术中获取的羊水样本中，测定了睾酮、雄烯二酮、脱氢表雄酮（DHA）、硫酸脱氢表雄酮（DHAS）、孕酮、17α-羟孕酮（17-OHP）及氢化可的松的浓度。妊娠15至21周时，男性胎儿的睾酮和雄烯二酮浓度显著高于女性胎儿，但足月时（36至40周）则不然。随着孕周增加，无论男性还是女性胎儿，羊水孕酮和17-OHP浓度下降，DHA、DHAS及氢化可的松浓度显著升高。患有先天性肾上腺皮质增生症（CAH）的女性胎儿，其羊水17-OHP、睾酮、DHA及雄烯二酮水平在孕中期比孕晚期更高。三个有CAH风险但未受影响的女性胎儿，其类固醇浓度正常。两个患有克兰费尔特综合征的胎儿，其类固醇浓度并无异常。
