Lindenbaum I, Eylan E
Isr J Med Sci. 1982 Feb;18(2):271-5.
Leptospires were isolated from 21.2% of Rattus norvegicus (the brown rat) and 9.9% of Rattus rattus trapped in a survey of urban and rural areas in Israel. Microagglutination antibodies were found in sera of 9.4 and 8.1% of these rats, respectively. The 191 strains isolated belonged to six serogroups: Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae (169), L. bataviae (3), L. semeranga (1), L andamana (1) and L. ballum (1) from R. norvegicus and L. ballum (13) and L. hebdomadis (3) from R. rattus. No significant differences were found between the infection rate of mature male and female brown rats, but all six strains isolated from young animals were obtained from male rats. Two factors influence the rat of Leptospira infection among urban brown rats: the age of the animals and the area in which they are trapped. Adult brown rats trapped in a newly infected area showed a considerably higher level of contamination (61.8%) than those trapped in areas where the infection had persisted for many years (22.8%). Young rats showed a low degree of contamination in both the old foci (5.7%) and the new foci (2.2%). New and highly infected areas were found during this survey in Tel Aviv (Carmel market) and its neighboring cities of Holon, Ramat Gan and Givatayim.
在以色列城乡地区的一项调查中，从21.2%的褐家鼠（挪威鼠）和9.9%的黑家鼠体内分离出了钩端螺旋体。在这些大鼠的血清中，分别有9.4%和8.1%发现了微凝集抗体。分离出的191株菌株属于六个血清群：来自褐家鼠的出血性钩端螺旋体（169株）、巴达维亚钩端螺旋体（3株）、塞梅朗加钩端螺旋体（1株）、安达曼纳钩端螺旋体（1株）和拜伦钩端螺旋体（1株），以及来自黑家鼠的拜伦钩端螺旋体（13株）和七日热钩端螺旋体（3株）。成熟雄性和雌性褐家鼠的感染率没有显著差异，但从幼鼠中分离出的所有六株菌株均来自雄性大鼠。有两个因素影响城市褐家鼠中钩端螺旋体的感染率：动物的年龄和捕获它们的区域。在新感染地区捕获的成年褐家鼠的污染水平（61.8%）明显高于在感染持续多年的地区捕获的褐家鼠（22.8%）。幼鼠在旧疫源地（5.7%）和新疫源地（2.2%）的污染程度都很低。在本次调查中，在特拉维夫（卡梅尔市场）及其邻近城市霍隆、拉马特甘和吉瓦塔伊姆发现了新的高感染地区。
