Pitts D G
J Am Optom Assoc. 1982 Feb;53(2):117-24.
The literature relating visual acuity and the aging process is reviewed. The Snellen fraction, parameters affecting visual acuity and difficulties in comparing different studies in visual acuity are discussed. Visual acuity was found to be a poor 20/1,000 to 20/800 at birth but improved to an almost normal acuity of 20/20 during the first year of life and remained relatively constant from 40 to 50 years of age. There was a moderate but steady decline in acuity as a person ages above 60 and on to the age of 80. The disease and physiological etiologies for this loss in acuity are provided. Methods which may be used to maintain or improve visual performance with age are suggested.
本文回顾了有关视力与衰老过程的文献。讨论了斯内伦分数、影响视力的参数以及比较不同视力研究的困难。研究发现，出生时视力较差，为20/1000至20/800，但在生命的第一年提高到几乎正常的20/20视力，并在40至50岁时保持相对稳定。60岁以上至80岁的人，视力会有中度但持续的下降。文中提供了导致这种视力下降的疾病和生理病因。还提出了随着年龄增长可用于维持或改善视觉表现的方法。
