Perry B C
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1982 Jun;30(6):367-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1982.tb02833.x.
This paper summarizes the medical literature relevant to falls sustained by the elderly to highlight what is known about the magnitude of the problem, to identify those aged at risk, and to ascertain the risk factors for falling. While searching for general trends in the literature, the analysis concentrates on several characteristics of such studies, including the study populations, the measurement of risk factors, the measurement of outcome, and the systematic biases involved. Possible mechanisms are suggested for use of the profound influence of pre-existing disease in the elderly as a predictor of falling and subsequent injury. On the basis of this analysis of the literature, suggestions are made about avenues for future research that would answer more definitively the questions remaining about falls among the elderly.
本文总结了与老年人跌倒相关的医学文献，以突出对该问题严重程度的已知情况，识别有风险的老年人群，并确定跌倒的风险因素。在探寻文献中的总体趋势时，分析集中于此类研究的几个特征，包括研究人群、风险因素的测量、结果的测量以及所涉及的系统偏差。对于将老年人既往疾病的深远影响用作跌倒及后续损伤预测指标的应用，提出了可能的机制。基于对文献的这一分析，就未来研究途径提出了建议，这些研究将更明确地回答有关老年人跌倒的尚存问题。
