Chaulet P, Ait Khaled N
Rev Fr Mal Respir. 1982;10(1):45-52.
In an acute respiratory infection the prescription of antibiotics is often still routine in Algeria. Antibiotic consumption has accounted for 20 to 28% of the drug bill in recent years. A prospective pilot study was carried out in 1980 in 26 health centres in different parts of the country. This has allowed an evaluation to be made of the importance of acute respiratory infections in the demand for primary health care and the frequency of antibiotic prescriptions. In 1980 acute respiratory infections accounted for 23% of consultations in primary medical care. In 69% of cases they were for upper respiratory tract above the glottis sometimes extending to the bronchi; in 28% the infections were isolated to the trachea and bronchi; in 3% the infections were bronchiolar, alveolar or pleural. Although the localisation of acute respiratory infections suggests a predominantly viral origin, antibiotics were prescribed in 76% of cases; these prescriptions depend more on the habit of the prescriber than the observed pathology. An agreed strategy is required to deal with acute respiratory infections at the primary care level and is a priority for health care. It should now go beyond the theoretical model to the level of realistic and rational therapeutic decisions.
在阿尔及利亚，急性呼吸道感染的抗生素处方往往仍是常规操作。近年来，抗生素消费占药品账单的20%至28%。1980年，在该国不同地区的26个保健中心开展了一项前瞻性试点研究。这使得能够评估急性呼吸道感染在初级卫生保健需求中的重要性以及抗生素处方的频率。1980年，急性呼吸道感染占初级医疗保健咨询的23%。在69%的病例中，感染发生在声门以上的上呼吸道，有时会延伸至支气管；28%的感染局限于气管和支气管；3%的感染为细支气管、肺泡或胸膜感染。尽管急性呼吸道感染的定位表明主要起源于病毒，但76%的病例都开具了抗生素；这些处方更多地取决于开处方者的习惯，而非观察到的病理情况。在初级保健层面应对急性呼吸道感染需要一个商定的策略，这是卫生保健的优先事项。现在应该从理论模式转向现实合理的治疗决策层面。
