Elderly persons in old-age homes. A medical, psychiatric and social investigation.

A survey of 100 consecutive admissions to homes for elderly Whites in Cape Town showed that an interplay of social, physical and psychiatric factors was responsible for most of the referrals, although psychiatric factors contributed to more than 50% of them. The largest proportion (37%) suffered from confusional states, 31% were diagnosed as having a senile organic condition and 25% showed moderate to severe depression. These old people were physically very frail; 53% had incapacitating muscular weakness or stiff and painful joints, 35% had a significant degree of deafness, 25% had a visual defect and 23% were incontinent. The findings indicate that old-age homes deal with a considerable amount of physical and mental ill health, and they are therefore an essential part of health services. The residents of old-age homes were much older than elderly people in the community, as well as being more socially isolated and very disadvantaged in terms of income and family and social support.