Chen F C, Chen C F, Wei R D
Toxicon. 1982;20(2):433-41. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(82)90006-x.
The toxic effects of PR toxin were observed in mice, rats, anesthetized cats and isolated rat auricle preparations. In mice and rats the toxic effects included abdominal writhing, decrease of motor activity and respiratory rate, weakness of hindleg and ataxia. In mice, the i.p. LD50 was 5.8 mg/kg. In mice, rats and cats PR toxin given i.p. caused ascites fluid an edema in the scrotum and lungs, and i.v. injection caused edema in the lungs, giving rise to a large volume of pleural and pericardial fluid. In rats, at the LD50 dose level (11.6 mg/kg, i.p. and 8.2 mg/kg, i.v.), the water content in the lungs was increased, but in the skin it was decreased. Blood K+, hematocrit, red blood cell, white blood cell, hemoglobin, uric acid, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were all increased, while the total protein and albumin contents were decreased after i.p. injection of PR toxin. High content of protein was found in the pleural fluid and fluid due to ascites. In anesthetized cats the blood pressure and respiratory rate were progressively decreased and the heart rate was reflexly increased after i.p. injection. The i.v. injection produced a multiple response on the arterial blood pressure, but with a progressively decreasing heart rate. Arrhythmias were observed in the late shock stage in the case of i.p. or i.v. injection. In the isolated rat auricle preparations contractile force was more affected that heart rate. We conclude that PR toxin produced acute toxic effects in animals via an increase of capillary permeability and a direct damage to the lungs, heart, liver and kidney.
在小鼠、大鼠、麻醉猫和离体大鼠耳廓标本中观察到PR毒素的毒性作用。在小鼠和大鼠中，毒性作用包括腹部绞痛、运动活性和呼吸频率降低、后腿无力和共济失调。在小鼠中，腹腔注射的半数致死量为5.8毫克/千克。在小鼠、大鼠和猫中，腹腔注射PR毒素会导致腹水以及阴囊和肺部水肿，静脉注射则会导致肺部水肿，进而产生大量胸腔和心包积液。在大鼠中，在半数致死量剂量水平（腹腔注射11.6毫克/千克，静脉注射8.2毫克/千克）时，肺部含水量增加，但皮肤含水量降低。腹腔注射PR毒素后，血液中的钾离子、血细胞比容、红细胞、白细胞、血红蛋白、尿酸、胆固醇、血尿素氮和碱性磷酸酶浓度均升高，而总蛋白和白蛋白含量降低。在胸腔积液和腹水中发现高蛋白含量。在麻醉猫中，腹腔注射后血压和呼吸频率逐渐降低，心率反射性增加。静脉注射对动脉血压产生多种反应，但心率逐渐降低。在腹腔注射或静脉注射的情况下，在休克后期观察到心律失常。在离体大鼠耳廓标本中，收缩力比心率受影响更大。我们得出结论，PR毒素通过增加毛细血管通透性以及对肺、心、肝和肾的直接损伤在动物中产生急性毒性作用。
