Resuscitation and transfer of trauma patients: a prospective study.

Improved outcome for trauma patients is closely linked to adequate early resuscitation and timely transfer of selected patients to trauma treatment centers. To document adequacy of early care of patients transferred to a regional trauma center, we analyzed 100 consecutive patients transferred after early care in a licensed emergency department by a medical doctor. Patients were evaluated in four injury categories: 1) neurologic, 2) chest, 3) abdominal, and 4) orthopedic. Standards promulgated by the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma and the American College of Emergency Physicians were applied in each injury category, and percentage of noncompliance with these accepted standards was calculated. Dangerous levels of noncompliance with accepted standards of trauma care were documented. On the average, major departures from accepted standards of early care were found in more than 70% of cases, particularly in the potentially lethal areas of airway acquisition and volume replacement. Implications of these data and an evaluation of corrective measures are discussed.