Sanders V M, Kauffmann B M, White K L, Douglas K A, Barnes D W, Sain L E, Bradshaw T J, Borzelleca J F, Munson A E
Environ Health Perspect. 1982 Apr;44:137-46. doi: 10.1289/ehp.8244137.
Chloral hydrate has been found in our drinking water supplies at levels up to 5 micrograms/1. The purpose of this study was to evalute the acute and subchronic toxicology of chloral hydrate in the random-bred CD-1 mouse, to provide data for risk assessment. The acute oral LD50 of this compound was 1442 and 1265 mg/kg in male and female mice, respectively. Acute toxicity appeared to be related to depression of the central nervous system. Fourteen-day exposure by gavage in male mice at doses 1/10 and 1/100 the LD50 caused an increase in liver weight and a decrease in spleen weight at the highest dose level. Based on the data derived from 14 days of exposure, a 90-day study was performed. The compound was delivered via the drinking water; levels of the compound delivered per day were equivalent to those dosed in the 14-day study. The target organ in both sexes appeared to be the liver, with the males most affected. Male mice demonstrated a dose-related hepatomegaly accompanied by significant changes in serum chemistries and hepatic microsomal parameters. The females did not demonstrate the hepatomegaly observed in males, but did show alterations in hepatic microsomal parameters. No other significant toxicological changes were observed in either sex following 90 days of exposure.
在我们的饮用水供应中发现了水合氯醛，含量高达5微克/升。本研究的目的是评估水合氯醛对随机繁殖的CD-1小鼠的急性和亚慢性毒理学，为风险评估提供数据。该化合物对雄性和雌性小鼠的急性经口半数致死量分别为1442毫克/千克和1265毫克/千克。急性毒性似乎与中枢神经系统抑制有关。雄性小鼠经口暴露14天，剂量为半数致死量的1/10和1/100，在最高剂量水平下导致肝脏重量增加和脾脏重量减少。基于14天暴露的数据，进行了一项90天的研究。该化合物通过饮用水给药；每天给药的化合物水平与14天研究中的给药水平相当。两性的靶器官似乎都是肝脏，雄性受影响最大。雄性小鼠表现出与剂量相关的肝肿大，同时血清化学和肝微粒体参数有显著变化。雌性小鼠没有表现出雄性小鼠中观察到的肝肿大，但确实显示出肝微粒体参数的改变。暴露90天后，两性均未观察到其他显著的毒理学变化。
