Galgiani J N, Hayden R, Payne C M
J Infect Dis. 1982 Jul;146(1):56-63. doi: 10.1093/infdis/146.1.56.
To assess the influences of leukocytes on the dimorphism of Coccidioides immitis, mycelial elements (arthroconidia) or spherules were incubated with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) or mononuclear leukocytes. In the presence of human leukocytes, arthroconidia became separated spherules as determined by electron microscopy but grew as mycelia when viable leukocytes were absent. Plasma was not required for this effect. In a new assay, PMNLs, lymphocytes, or monocytes from human blood as well as rabbit alveolar macrophages inhibited spherules from forming germ tubes. In flat-bottomed glassware, maximal inhibition occurred with PMNL:spherule ratios above 15:1, whereas in conical-bottomed glassware a ratio of 3:1 was maximally suppressive with PMNLs as well as mononuclear leukocytes. Cytochalasin B and colchicine blocked the effect of PMNLs but not that of other blood leukocytes on spherules. These studies indicate that leukocytes influence coccidioidal dimorphism toward the spherule phase. This effect may be important in host defenses against C. immitis.
为评估白细胞对粗球孢子菌双态性的影响，将菌丝成分（关节孢子）或球形体与多形核白细胞（PMNLs）或单核白细胞一起孵育。通过电子显微镜观察发现，在人白细胞存在的情况下，关节孢子会变成离散的球形体，但在没有活白细胞时则会生长为菌丝体。这种效应不需要血浆参与。在一项新的试验中，来自人血的PMNLs、淋巴细胞或单核细胞以及兔肺泡巨噬细胞均能抑制球形体形成芽管。在平底玻璃器皿中，当PMNL与球形体的比例高于15:1时，抑制作用最大；而在锥形底玻璃器皿中，PMNLs和单核白细胞的最大抑制比例均为3:1。细胞松弛素B和秋水仙碱可阻断PMNLs对球形体的作用，但不能阻断其他血液白细胞的作用。这些研究表明，白细胞会影响球孢子菌向球形体阶段的双态性转变。这种效应在宿主抵御粗球孢子菌的防御过程中可能具有重要意义。
