住院患者中的严重低钠血症
Severe hyponatraemia in hospital inpatients.
作者信息
Kennedy P G, Mitchell D M, Hoffbrand B I
出版信息
Br Med J. 1978 Nov 4;2(6147):1251-3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6147.1251.
Abstract
A prospective study of severe hyponatraemia in adult hospital inpatients showed that 44 patients had plasma sodium concentrations below 125 mmol(mEq)/1. Eighteen cases (41%) were iatrogenic, caused by diuretic treatment or postoperative administration of intravenous 5% dextrose, or both. Chest infection, a seldom-recognised and ill-understood cause of hyponatraemia, proved more common than carcinoma of the bronchus. Thirty-one patients had symptoms attributable to the hyponatraemia, but these were severe in only five cases. Analysis of blood and urine was of no value in distinguishing the different diagnostic groups in an emergency.
摘要
一项针对成年住院患者严重低钠血症的前瞻性研究表明，44例患者的血浆钠浓度低于125 mmol（mEq）/L。18例（41%）为医源性，由利尿剂治疗或术后静脉输注5%葡萄糖引起，或两者兼而有之。胸部感染是低钠血症一个很少被认识且了解不足的原因，事实证明它比支气管癌更常见。31例患者有归因于低钠血症的症状，但只有5例症状严重。在紧急情况下，血液和尿液分析对于区分不同诊断组没有价值。
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