Harpur E S
Br J Audiol. 1982 May;16(2):81-93. doi: 10.3109/03005368209081452.
This article briefly reviews the nature of the toxic effects of drugs on the inner ear and the incidence of ototoxic side effects in man. There follows a more detailed discussion of the most important groups of ototoxic drugs which are identified as the aminoglycoside antibiotics, the "loop" diuretics, quinine and chloroquine, the salicylates and some antitumour drugs. Attention is drawn to the synergistic interaction between aminoglycoside antibiotics and "loop" diuretics and the predisposition to ototoxicity if the drugs are given to subjects with renal impairment. The comparative ototoxicological potential of individual aminoglycosides is discussed and their toxic effects on the kidney and the neuromuscular junction summarized. The importance of an understanding of the pharmacokinetics of aminoglycosides both in relation to toxicity and the rational control of therapy is emphasized.
本文简要回顾了药物对内耳的毒性作用的性质以及人类耳毒性副作用的发生率。随后更详细地讨论了最重要的耳毒性药物类别，这些药物被确定为氨基糖苷类抗生素、“袢”利尿剂、奎宁和氯喹、水杨酸盐以及一些抗肿瘤药物。文中提请注意氨基糖苷类抗生素与“袢”利尿剂之间的协同相互作用，以及如果将这些药物给予肾功能损害患者时发生耳毒性的易感性。讨论了各个氨基糖苷类药物相对的耳毒理学潜力，并总结了它们对肾脏和神经肌肉接头的毒性作用。强调了了解氨基糖苷类药物的药代动力学对于毒性以及合理控制治疗的重要性。
