Pharmacokinetics of furosemide in neonates.

The pharmacokinetics of furosemide was evaluated in 12 newborns who received the drug transplacentally, and in 21 neonates who received it directly for therapeutic reasons. In the first group, the apparent plasma half-lives ranged from 96 to 6.8 h with a significant inverse relationship (p less than 0.01) between the gestational age and the elimination rate. In two cases a clear effect on diuresis was also observed. In the neonates receiving the drug i.v. for therapeutic reasons, the elimination kinetics appeared to follow a two-compartment open model, with a significant difference in the therminal plasma half-life between premature (26.8 +/- 12.2 h) and full-term newborns (13.4 +/- 8.6 h). In this group no relationship was observed between elimination rate and either gestational or conceptional age. In the case of repeated administration, an increase in plasma clearance and reduction in t1/2 beta was noticed.