Murayama Y, Muranishi K, Okada H, Kato K, Kotani S, Takada H, Tsujimoto M, Kawasaki A, Ogawa T
Infect Immun. 1982 Jun;36(3):876-84. doi: 10.1128/iai.36.3.876-884.1982.
Whole cells of a clinical isolate (strain S-3) of the genus Capnocytophaga were divided into cell envelope (CE) and cytoplasm (CP) fractions by mechanical disintegration followed by differential centrifugation, and a part of the CE fraction was further fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment into the peptidoglycan and SDS-supernatant fractions. The other part of the CE was extracted with butanol-water or hot phenol-water to isolate butanol-lipopolysaccharide and phenol-lipopolysaccharide, respectively. All of the test fractions except CP exhibited multifold immunomodulating activities, namely, the adjuvant activities to cellular as well as humoral immune responses against ovalbumin in guinea pigs, the mitogenicity on splenocytes of guinea pigs and BALB/c mice (but not on their thymocytes), the stimulation of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages (in terms of increased glucosamine uptake), and the activation of the human complement system through alternative as well as classical pathways. In addition, the test fractions other than the CP evoked dermatoxic reactions on rabbit skin with characteristic variations among them. The immunomodulating activities of SDS-supernatant were noteworthy in view of the fact that this fraction was essentially free of muramic acid and diaminopimelic acid and did not cause the gelation of horseshoe crab amoebocyte lysate except when it was used at the very high dose, suggesting that there was practically no contamination by peptidoglycans and lipopolysaccharides in the SDS-supernatant.
通过机械破碎和差速离心，将嗜二氧化碳噬细胞菌属的临床分离株（菌株S-3）的全细胞分为细胞包膜（CE）和细胞质（CP）组分，CE组分的一部分通过十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）处理进一步分离为肽聚糖和SDS上清液组分。CE的另一部分分别用丁醇-水或热酚-水提取，以分离丁醇-脂多糖和酚-脂多糖。除CP外，所有测试组分均表现出多种免疫调节活性，即对豚鼠抗卵清蛋白的细胞免疫和体液免疫反应的佐剂活性、对豚鼠和BALB/c小鼠脾细胞（但对其胸腺细胞无作用）的促有丝分裂活性、对豚鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的刺激作用（以氨基葡萄糖摄取增加为指标）以及通过替代途径和经典途径激活人补体系统。此外，除CP外的测试组分在兔皮肤上引起皮肤毒性反应，且它们之间存在特征性差异。鉴于SDS上清液组分基本不含胞壁酸和二氨基庚二酸，并且除了在非常高的剂量下使用外不会引起鲎变形细胞溶解物的凝胶化，其免疫调节活性值得关注，这表明SDS上清液中实际上不存在肽聚糖和脂多糖的污染。
