多种有机磷杀虫剂对小鼠的急性皮肤毒性

Acute dermal toxicities of various organophosphate insecticides in mice.

作者信息

Skinner C S, Kilgore W W

出版信息

J Toxicol Environ Health. 1982 Mar;9(3):491-7. doi: 10.1080/15287398209530180.

DOI:10.1080/15287398209530180

Abstract

Dermal LD50 values for five organophosphate insecticides were determined in mice by application of solutions to hind feet. Values were simultaneously generated for the ED50 (milligrams per kilogram) for both cholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase. Lethality was greatest with mevinphos, followed by parathion, methyl parathion, diazinon, and azinphosmethyl. LD50 values were higher than reported values for mice treated on shaved back skin. Cholinesterase ED50 values roughly agreed with LD50 values for mevinphos, parathion, methyl parathion, and azinphos-methyl, but diazinon appeared much more inhibitory of blood than neuronal cholinesterase. Red blood cell and plasma cholinesterase activities were equally sensitive for all but mevinphos and diazinon.

摘要

通过将溶液涂抹于小鼠后足，测定了五种有机磷酸酯类杀虫剂的经皮半数致死剂量（LD50）。同时得出了胆碱酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的半数有效剂量（ED50，毫克/千克）。谷硫磷的致死性最强，其次是对硫磷、甲基对硫磷、二嗪农和甲基谷硫磷。LD50值高于在剃毛背部皮肤给药的小鼠所报告的值。胆碱酯酶ED50值与谷硫磷、对硫磷、甲基对硫磷和甲基谷硫磷的LD50值大致相符，但二嗪农对血液胆碱酯酶的抑制作用似乎比对神经元胆碱酯酶更强。除谷硫磷和二嗪农外，红细胞和血浆胆碱酯酶活性对所有杀虫剂同样敏感。