Cullinane E, Siconolfi S, Saritelli A, Thompson P D
Metabolism. 1982 Aug;31(8):844-7. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(82)90085-3.
Acute reductions in triglycerides and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations have been demonstrated in endurance athletes after prolonged exercise. To determine if similar changes occur in untrained subjects and to determine the duration of exercise necessary for such changes, we measured serum lipids and lipoproteins in 10 sedentary men after 1 hour of exercise at their anaerobic threshold. Findings in sedentary men were compared with those of 9 competitive cyclists after 1 and 2 hr of exercise. LDL cholesterol increased in the cyclists immediately after 1 and 2 hours of exercise. Total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol also increased in the cyclists immediately after the 2 hr session. These increases were transient and not significant when corrected for changes in plasma volume. Serum triglycerides were unchanged for 4 hr after exercise. By 24 hr, however, triglycerides had decreased in both the trained (17%) and untrained men (22%) after the 1 hr session and in the trained men (33% p less than 0.01) after the 2 hr session. These results demonstrate a delayed decrease in triglyceride concentration that is related to the duration of exercise and probably has no distinct threshold. The lower level of triglycerides in endurance athletes and in sedentary subjects after exercise training is due at least in part to an acute exercise effect.
耐力运动员在长时间运动后，甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇浓度会急性降低。为了确定未受过训练的受试者是否会出现类似变化，以及确定产生这种变化所需的运动时长，我们在10名久坐不动的男性以无氧阈强度运动1小时后，测量了他们的血脂和脂蛋白水平。将久坐男性的结果与9名竞技自行车运动员在运动1小时和2小时后的结果进行了比较。自行车运动员在运动1小时和2小时后，LDL胆固醇立即升高。在2小时运动结束后，自行车运动员的总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇也立即升高。经血浆容量变化校正后，这些升高是短暂的且无显著意义。运动后4小时内血清甘油三酯无变化。然而，到24小时时，在1小时运动的训练组（17%）和未训练组男性（22%）以及2小时运动的训练组男性（33%，p<0.01）中，甘油三酯均有所下降。这些结果表明甘油三酯浓度的下降具有延迟性，这与运动时长有关，且可能没有明显的阈值。耐力运动员和运动训练后的久坐受试者甘油三酯水平较低至少部分归因于急性运动效应。
