Harrington J M
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1982;8 Suppl 1:167-71.
Occupational exposure to synthetic estrogen is known to produce feminizing effects in males and menstrual disorders in females. Modern pharmaceutical practice has not eliminated this risk, though there have been few attempts to quantify it or establish safety standards. The main problems to be faced in undertaking an epidemiologic study of estrogen-exposed workers are outlined in the present study. They include the difficulty of confirming the clinical effects of exposure, the appropriate method for measuring exogenous estrogen, and the timing of the analytical samples. Some recent studies which used other measures of pharmacological effect are reviewed, and it is concluded that direct measurement of exogenous estrogen is the analysis of choice.
已知职业性接触合成雌激素会使男性出现女性化效应，女性出现月经紊乱。现代制药实践并未消除这种风险，尽管几乎没有人尝试对其进行量化或制定安全标准。本研究概述了对接触雌激素的工人进行流行病学研究时要面临的主要问题。这些问题包括确认接触的临床效应的困难、测量外源性雌激素的合适方法以及分析样本的时机。本文回顾了一些近期使用其他药理效应测量方法的研究，并得出结论：直接测量外源性雌激素是首选的分析方法。
