Dial P, Marks C, Bolton J
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1982 Aug;155(2):187-92.
Since 1948, 33 paragangliomas in 32 patients were seen and studied at Charity Hospital. Tumors of the head and neck comprised the bulk of recorded instances, with only five paragangliomas being noted below the diaphragm. The most frequent symptoms correlated closely with tumor location and were related to local mass effect. Angiography remains an important diagnostic study for tumors of the head and neck with computed tomography scanning becoming increasingly important in large paragangliomas of the jugular region. Paragangliomas of the retroperitoneal space can be successfully located by a computed tomography scan, although a new radionuclide scan may prove to be more specific in the future. Tumors of the urinary bladder and retroperitoneal space are commonly endocrine functional and have a greater metastatic potential than do paragangliomas in other locations. Over-all, total excision is possible with complete recovery in most instances. Prolonged follow-up study is recommended, however, as local recurrences and distant metastases may present years after the initial diagnosis.
自1948年以来，慈善医院共收治并研究了32例患者的33个副神经节瘤。头颈部肿瘤占记录病例的大部分，仅有5个副神经节瘤位于横膈膜以下。最常见的症状与肿瘤位置密切相关，且与局部肿块效应有关。血管造影术仍是头颈部肿瘤的一项重要诊断检查，而计算机断层扫描在颈静脉区的大型副神经节瘤诊断中变得越来越重要。计算机断层扫描能够成功定位腹膜后间隙的副神经节瘤，不过一种新的放射性核素扫描未来可能会被证明更具特异性。膀胱和腹膜后间隙的肿瘤通常具有内分泌功能，且比其他部位的副神经节瘤具有更大的转移潜能。总体而言，大多数情况下能够实现完全切除并完全康复。然而，建议进行长期随访研究，因为局部复发和远处转移可能在初次诊断数年之后出现。
