England A C, Fraser D W, Hightower A W, Tirinnanzi R, Greenberg D J, Powell K E, Slovis C M, Varsha R A
Ann Intern Med. 1982 Aug;97(2):196-201. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-97-2-196.
Of an estimated 17632 participants of the 1979 Peachtree Road Race, a 10-km race held at 0800 on 4 July in Atlanta, Georgia, 29 had severe heat injury (collapse with altered mental status and rectal temperature of 39.7 degrees C or greater); all 29 recovered promptly. The temperature was 24.0 degrees C; the relative humidity, 83%; and the wet bulb-globe index, 23.0 degrees C. Compared with unaffected participants matched by age, sex, and predicted finishing time, case-runners were taller, had slower best recent 1.6-km and 10-km times, had run less in June, were more likely to achieve 89% of estimated maximum aerobic capacity during the race, less often splashed with water, were more likely to have underestimated their predicted finishing times based on their best recent 10-km times, and were more likely to live in Georgia. Height, sprinkler use, and underestimating predicted finishing times were each significant in the presence of the others. These observations suggest that participants of similar races, particularly those taller than 179.2 cm, should splash with water at least twice and base their predicted finishing times on their best recent 10-km times; adherence to these recommendations by runners at risk should reduce their severe heat injury risk at least 8.1 times.
1979年桃树路跑比赛预计有17632名参与者，这是一场于7月4日上午8点在佐治亚州亚特兰大举行的10公里赛跑，其中29人出现严重热损伤（精神状态改变且直肠温度达到39.7摄氏度或更高并伴有虚脱）；所有29人都迅速康复。当时气温为24.0摄氏度；相对湿度为83%；湿球黑球温度指数为23.0摄氏度。与按年龄、性别和预测完赛时间匹配的未受影响参与者相比，病例组参与者更高，最近1.6公里和10公里的最佳成绩更慢，6月跑步里程更少，在比赛中更有可能达到估计最大有氧能力的89%，较少用水浇身，更有可能根据其最近10公里的最佳成绩低估自己的预测完赛时间，并且更有可能居住在佐治亚州。身高、是否使用洒水装置以及低估预测完赛时间在其他因素存在的情况下各自都具有显著性。这些观察结果表明，类似比赛的参与者，尤其是那些身高超过179.2厘米的人，应该至少用水浇身两次，并根据其最近10公里的最佳成绩来预测完赛时间；有风险的跑步者遵循这些建议应将其严重热损伤风险降低至少8.1倍。
