Fischer G W, Longfield R, Hemming V G, Valdes-Dapena A, Smith L P
Am J Clin Pathol. 1982 Sep;78(3):348-50. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/78.3.348.
Most physicians recognize the false-positive blood cultures (generally due to contamination) are common. Bacteria such as pneumococci, however, may rapidly die in broth cultures, and viable bacteria may not be identified. Several patients were observed with pneumococcal infections that had false-negative blood cultures 24 hours after inoculation. Hemolysis and methemoglobin formation in the bottle suggested bacterial growth within 12 hours after incubation, and blind subcultures at that time yielded pneumococci. Pneumococcal antigen could be detected in the blood culture bottles using counter-immunoelectrophoresis, even though subculture at 24 hours yielded no growth. Physicians and laboratory personnel should be aware that false-negative blood cultures may occur, particularly with certain bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, and that the blood culture bottles should be observed visually for the presence of brown sediment or hemolysis.
大多数医生都认识到，血培养假阳性（通常是由于污染）很常见。然而，肺炎球菌等细菌在肉汤培养中可能会迅速死亡，可能无法鉴定出活菌。观察到几名肺炎球菌感染患者在接种后24小时血培养呈假阴性。瓶内的溶血和高铁血红蛋白形成提示培养12小时内有细菌生长，此时盲目传代培养得到了肺炎球菌。即使24小时传代培养没有生长，但使用对流免疫电泳可在血培养瓶中检测到肺炎球菌抗原。医生和实验室工作人员应意识到可能会出现血培养假阴性，尤其是对于某些细菌，如肺炎链球菌，并且应肉眼观察血培养瓶中是否存在棕色沉淀物或溶血现象。
