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J Epidemiol Community Health (1978). 1978 Sep;32(3):190-3. doi: 10.1136/jech.32.3.190.
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本文引用的文献

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MEDICALLY ATTENDED INJURIES AMONG YOUNG CHILDREN. OBSERVATIONS IN A SURBURBAN AREA.幼儿的就医伤害。郊区观察
Am J Dis Child. 1964 Jun;107:618-23. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1964.02080060620011.
2
A survey of accidents to children aged under 15 years seen at a district hospital in Sydney in one year.对悉尼一家地区医院一年内收治的15岁以下儿童事故情况的调查。
Med J Aust. 1969 Apr 19;1(16):806-9. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1969.tb105542.x.
3
Reducing injuries and their results: the scientific approach.减少伤害及其后果：科学方法。
Milbank Mem Fund Q Health Soc. 1974 Fall;52(4):377-89.
4
Trauma: The leading childhood killer in Canada and elsewhere.创伤：加拿大及其他地区儿童的首要死因。
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1976 Apr;15(1):313-6. doi: 10.1177/000992287601500401.
5
The effects of mandatory seat belt wearing on the mortality and pattern of injury of car occupants involved in motor vehicle crashes in Victoria.强制佩戴安全带对维多利亚州机动车碰撞事故中车内乘客死亡率及受伤模式的影响。
Med J Aust. 1975 May 31;1(22):675-8.
6
Freshwater drowning and near-drowning accidents involving children: a five-year total population study.涉及儿童的淡水溺水和近乎溺水事故：一项为期五年的全人群研究。
Med J Aust. 1976;2(25-26):942-6. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1976.tb115532.x.
7
Bathtub immersion accidents involving children.
Med J Aust. 1977 Feb 12;1(7):211-3. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1977.tb130633.x.
8
Social class, susceptibility and sickness.社会阶层、易感性与疾病
Am J Epidemiol. 1976 Jul;104(1):1-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112268.
9
Social area analysis in community medicine.社区医学中的社会区域分析。
Br J Prev Soc Med. 1977 Sep;31(3):199-204. doi: 10.1136/jech.31.3.199.

导致儿童创伤的诱发因素。机动车事故和溺水死亡中特定与非特定原因的分析。

Predisposing factors leading to child trauma. An analysis of specific versus non-specific causes in motor vehicle and drowning fatalities.

作者信息

Pearn J

出版信息

J Epidemiol Community Health (1978). 1978 Sep;32(3):190-3. doi: 10.1136/jech.32.3.190.

DOI:10.1136/jech.32.3.190
PMID:711978
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1060944/
Abstract

In many Western countries, trauma is the chief cause of death in children aged one to 14 years. A large number of these deaths are the result of motor vehicle accidents or drowning. It is postulated that the causes of such trauma can be classified into (a) non-specific, predetermining social factors; (b) specific social factors; and (c) acute triggers. Prevention strategies vary considerably for these three groups. Prevention is most cost-effective when directed against specific social factors. In this paper, data for childhood motor vehicle and drowning fatalities in Australia have been analysed and scored for non-specific social influences on childhood accidents such as overcrowding or poverty. This approach allows the ranking of different communities by risk. Motor vehicle accident ratios have been calculated, and these are sufficiently specific, by age and sex, to enable comparisons to be made in future with other communities.

摘要

在许多西方国家，创伤是1至14岁儿童死亡的主要原因。其中大量死亡是机动车事故或溺水造成的。据推测，此类创伤的原因可分为：（a）非特定的、预先决定的社会因素；（b）特定的社会因素；以及（c）急性触发因素。针对这三类因素的预防策略差异很大。针对特定社会因素进行预防时，成本效益最高。本文分析了澳大利亚儿童机动车事故和溺水死亡的数据，并对诸如过度拥挤或贫困等对儿童事故有非特定社会影响的因素进行了评分。这种方法可以按风险对不同社区进行排名。已经计算了机动车事故发生率，这些发生率按年龄和性别划分足够具体，以便未来能够与其他社区进行比较。