Simpson E T, Aitchison J M
J Trauma. 1982 Sep;22(9):781-4. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198209000-00011.
To assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous infraclavicular subclavian venipuncture in shocked patients 172 consecutive cases were prospectively studied. Catheterization was successful in 163 patients (94.7%); in 119 (69.2%) of these only one attempt was required. Failure was encountered in nine cases (5.2%). There were nine (5.2%) serious complications, four requiring active treatment. Procedure-related mortality was nil. Extrathoracic placement of the catheter tip was detected on routine check chest X-ray in 24 cases (14.8%). Staff relatively inexperienced in the technique contributed eight of the nine complications and six of the nine failures. This study supports the concept that percutaneous infraclavicular subclavian catheterization in shocked patients is a relatively safe technique providing rapid access to a central vein.
为评估经皮锁骨下静脉穿刺在休克患者中的安全性和有效性，对172例连续病例进行了前瞻性研究。163例患者（94.7%）穿刺成功；其中119例（69.2%）仅需一次穿刺尝试。9例（5.2%）穿刺失败。发生严重并发症9例（5.2%），4例需要积极治疗。与操作相关的死亡率为零。常规胸部X线检查发现24例（14.8%）导管尖端位于胸外。技术相对不熟练的工作人员导致了9例并发症中的8例和9例失败中的6例。本研究支持这样的观点，即休克患者经皮锁骨下静脉置管是一种相对安全的技术，能够快速建立中心静脉通路。
