Jenkins M E
J Natl Med Assoc. 1978 Oct;70(10):739-40.
Foolproof guidelines and rules for the administration of drug therapy to children are not available. In particular, the use of weight, height, and age as the basis for drug dose calculations can lead to serious errors in dosage. Extreme care must be used in the treatment of pregnant women as most drugs cross the placenta. The potential effects of a drug on the fetus must be weighed against the need for the drug in the mother.Special attention must be given to the lactating or breast-feeding mother since most drugs are excreted in breast milk and potentially can adversely affect the nursing infant. Where possible, drug therapy in children should be avoided. If drugs are specifically indicated, the dosage should be calculated after considerable scrutiny of the total management and the goals of the management regimen. Careful followup of every child on even the simplest drug is mandatory.
目前尚无针对儿童药物治疗的万无一失的指导方针和规则。特别是，将体重、身高和年龄作为药物剂量计算的依据可能会导致严重的剂量错误。治疗孕妇时必须格外小心，因为大多数药物会穿过胎盘。必须权衡药物对胎儿的潜在影响与母亲对药物的需求。对于哺乳期母亲必须给予特别关注，因为大多数药物会通过母乳排出，可能会对哺乳婴儿产生不利影响。尽可能避免对儿童进行药物治疗。如果明确需要使用药物，则应在对整体治疗方案及其目标进行仔细审查后计算剂量。即使是使用最简单药物的每个儿童，也必须进行仔细的随访。
