Derksen F J, Robinson N E, Slocombe R F
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1982 Sep;53(3):719-25. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1982.53.3.719.
In awake sensitized ponies, we studied the effect of aerosol ovalbumin challenge on ventilation, pulmonary mechanics, lung volume, and gas exchange before and after vagal blockade. We also challenged the left lung and measured respiratory rate (f) and right and left respiratory system resistance (RrsR, RrsL) before and after both left and bilateral vagal section. Bilateral ovalbumin aerosol challenge increased f, minute ventilation (VE), total respiratory system resistance (Rrs), and minimal volume, decreased dynamic compliance, total lung capacity, and arterial oxygen tension, and was without effect on tidal volume (VT), functional residual capacity, quasi-static lung compliance, and arterial carbon dioxide tension. Vagal blockade reversed the increase in f, VE, and Rrs and increased VT. Challenge of the left lung increased f and RrsL but did not alter RrsR. Bilateral vagal section reversed the tachypnea but unilateral section did not. Histopathologic lesions included acute fibrinopurulent obstructive bronchiolitis, bronchitis, edema, and alveolar distension. We conclude that local mechanisms are of critical importance in the pathogenesis of ovalbumin-induced airway obstruction in ponies, that increased sensitivity of airway smooth muscle to normal vagal tone may also play a role, and that tachypnea following challenge is caused by activity of pulmonary receptors with vagal afferent fibers.
在清醒致敏的小马中，我们研究了雾化卵清蛋白激发对迷走神经阻断前后通气、肺力学、肺容量和气体交换的影响。我们还对左肺进行激发，并测量了左、双侧迷走神经切断前后的呼吸频率（f）以及左右呼吸系统阻力（RrsR、RrsL）。双侧卵清蛋白雾化激发增加了f、分钟通气量（VE）、总呼吸系统阻力（Rrs）和最小容量，降低了动态顺应性、肺总量和动脉血氧张力，对潮气量（VT）、功能残气量、准静态肺顺应性和动脉血二氧化碳张力无影响。迷走神经阻断逆转了f、VE和Rrs的增加，并增加了VT。对左肺的激发增加了f和RrsL，但未改变RrsR。双侧迷走神经切断逆转了呼吸急促，但单侧切断未起到作用。组织病理学病变包括急性纤维脓性阻塞性细支气管炎、支气管炎、水肿和肺泡扩张。我们得出结论，局部机制在小马卵清蛋白诱导的气道阻塞发病机制中至关重要，气道平滑肌对正常迷走神经张力敏感性增加也可能起作用，并且激发后的呼吸急促是由具有迷走神经传入纤维的肺感受器活动引起的。
